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penicillate |
= broom-shaped, muscariform |
solid shape |
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Having a proximal axis that bears a distal cluster of elongate slender branches or appendages, these variously ascending to erect; like a broom. |
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penta… |
= five-… |
prefix |
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Indicating presence of or constitution by five entities of the type denoted by the term's stem; as in pentandrous, pentacarpellate, pentacolporate. |
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pepo |
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nominative |
fruit |
Like a berry but derived from a single, inferior, compound ovary, with accessory floral-tube tissue adnate to the pericarp, having a relatively thin, hard or leathery rind and a thicker, fleshy inner wall that surrounds a mass of seeds; esp. in Cucurbitaceae. |
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percurrent 1 |
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architecture |
primary or secondary laminar veins |
Running through the entire length of the lamina (blade), or all the way to its margin. |
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percurrent 2 |
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architecture |
tertiary laminar veins |
Perpendicular to and interconnecting adjacent parallel secondary veins, the secondary and tertiary veins together forming a scalariform pattern. |
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perennate |
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duration |
structure |
Persisting in a functional state through the entire growing season. |
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perennial 1 |
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duration |
plant |
Normally living more than two years, with no definite limit to its life span. |
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perennial 2 |
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nominative |
plant |
Of perennial duration. |
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perfect |
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architecture |
flower |
Having functional pistil(s) and functional stamen(s) both present, thus bisexual (hermaphroditic). |
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perfoliate |
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architecture |
foliaceous structure |
Having a sessile lamina (blade) that uninterruptedly encircles the bearing axis, which thus passes through it at some point within the margin. See also amplexicaulous, connate-perfoliate. |
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perforate |
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architecture |
foliaceous structure |
Having portions of the laminar (blade) area naturally devoid of any tissue. |
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pergamentaceous |
= parchment-like |
texture |
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Very thin, pliable, and fairly tough; like parchment. See also chartaceous (papery, papyraceous), membranaceous (membranous). |
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perianth |
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STRUCTURE |
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Collectively, all the sterile, primary, lateral organs (tepals, or sepals and/or petals) of a flower; inserted upon the floral axis immediately beneath (proximal to) the reproductive organs (androecium and/or gynoecium) and surrounding them, often protectively; lacking in some taxa; the individual members typically laminar and more or less foliaceous; widely regarded as consisting of the evolutionarily modified leaves of a fertile shoot; the constituent members undifferentiated with respect to one another, or else differentiated into more or less distinct floral envelopes (calyx and corolla), one or the other of which is deemed lacking in some taxa due to evolutionary reduction following differentiation. |
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perianth tube |
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STRUCTURE |
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A relatively narrow, fully connate portion of a syntepalous (gamotepalous) perianth proximal to a broader portion (limb) that comprises the distinct or connate distal portions of the tepals. |
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pericarp |
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STRUCTURE |
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The portion of a fruit wall that is derived from the ovary wall; consisting of three more or less distinct tissue layers (exocarp or epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp) that may or may not differ greatly in structure and/or function; the wall of a fruit, excluding any tissues of extra-ovarian (accessory) origin. |
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periclinal |
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orientation |
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Parallel to some given plane of reference; applied especially to the plane of cell division when it is oriented parallel to the generalized plane of the structural surface. |
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pericolpate |
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architecture |
pollen grain |
Having more than three surficial grooves (colpi) oriented such that some or all of them cross meridians. |
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pericolporate |
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architecture |
pollen grain |
Pericolpate, each groove containing a pore. |
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perigynium 1 pl. perigynia |
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STRUCTURE |
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Two whorls of bracts, scales or setae immediately subtending the ovary, sometimes cupulate (cup-shaped) or ampulliform (flask-shaped, lageniform) and investing the fruit (achene); in Cyperaceae. |
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perigynium 2 pl. perigynia |
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STRUCTURE |
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A phyllary (involucral bract) or palea (pale, palet) that fully encloses a cypsela; in Asteraceae (Compositae). |
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perigynous |
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insertion |
perianth, calyx, corolla, androecium |
Having its proximal portion adnate to part of the length of the gynoecium, or fused in a separate floral cup that extends part of the length of the gynoecium, the free distal portion thus arising at a level between the base and apex of the gynoecium. See also epigynous, hypogynous. |
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peripheral |
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insertion |
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Upon or otherwise directly associated with the outer surfaces or regions of a three-dimensional structure. Although use of this term in two-dimensional contexts is technically correct, traditionally the term marginal is preferred in such cases. |
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peripheral |
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position |
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Upon or otherwise directly associated with the outer surfaces or regions of a three-dimensional structure. Although use of this term in two-dimensional contexts is technically correct, traditionally the term marginal is preferred in such cases. |
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peripterous |
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solid shape |
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Alate with a single transversely encircling wing. |
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perisperm |
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STRUCTURE / SUBSTANCE |
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A genetically diploid (2n chromosomes) nutritive tissue in a seed; containing stored carbohydrate and/or oil utilized by the embryo prior to and especially upon germination; derived from the nucellus. See also endosperm (albumen). |